The Periodic Table

This table is very important in the world of chemistry. The way that the table is organized in a very specific way that allows for better understanding. We will also look into how to we know what the energy level of an atom is, and how big the atomic radii is. As we look into the design you will notice patterns and specific details about the periodic table that will help you understand chemistry even better.  As you look into this blog.

The history of the periodic table is very interesting. It started off as a list of elements that were known since the prehistoric times. Then by the 1870's there were about 70 elements known. Then Newlands came along and noticed that by arranging the elements by increasing atomic mass he noticed that the first and eighth elements had similar properties and that the second and ninth elements did too. He noticed that this was a periodic pattern and named it the law of octane. Though not popular with other scientist his law was for the most part correct, the properties of elements do repeat in a periodic way. Mendeleev later came about as a Russian chemists. He used the increasing atomic mass and properties. By doing this he created the first periodic table. This table also predicted the existence and properties of undiscovered elements. The table was yet to be perfect though as it was proven with advancements that the atomic mass put elements together with different properties and out of order. Henry Moseley came up with the idea of arranging the table with the atomic number and by doing this the order of the elements was solved. The periodic table was now in a clear periodic pattern of properties.

The periodic table to with is divided into rows and columns or are also called groups and periods. The columns  or groups are vertical on the periodic table and the rows are horizontal. Each group is set up because of a similarity in the outer shell of valence electrons. The groups all have the same number of valence electrons. Then the periods are set up also to show an increase a long of valence electrons. As the period continues on the periodic table the elements pick up one valence electron in their outer shell. This is important in chemistry because it really helps you to understand how the chemical reaction will happen and which elements will react with each other to create a different element.

When looking deeper into the periodic table you will find that the periodic table is set up to show how reactions will happen and how stable the electrons are. As you look at the periodic table you will notice that as you go from left to right the elements will become stabler and in the end become stable, then another row happens and starts back to unstable.

There are four blocks of the periodic table can be shown by using the s-block, p-block, d-block, and the   f-block. By using these blocks it is easy to determine the number of valence electrons and be able to write out the correct configuration of the element. It also shows that the energy level of an atom's valence electrons equals it's period number.

When dealing with the atomic radii it is really simple. For the most part the radii will decrease as you move along the periodic table and increase in size as you move down a group. Below is a picture of questions I did out of the book that will help in this category.

 

I hope that this blog has helped out in your understanding with the periodic table. Once you get the hang of how everything works with it I promise you that it will become your best friend in chemistry.